阿希洛马会议:以预警性思考应对重组DNA技术潜在风险The Asilomar Conference: Dealing with the Potential Risk of Recombinant DNA Technology by Precautionary Thinking
李建军,唐冠男
摘要(Abstract):
阿西洛马会议是现代生物技术规制史上具有里程碑意义的历史事件,标志着一个科学和公众参与科学政策讨论的新时代的来临,其重要价值在于科学共同体首次将"预警性思考"作为应对重组DNA技术应用研究可能存在生物危害的重要原则,并通过自愿规制和公开讨论等策略保持了重组DNA实验研究推进和其社会规制之间的必要张力。本文追溯了阿西洛马会议举行的缘起、讨论的主要议题和相关争辩,并对其历史影响进行了简要评述。
关键词(KeyWords): 阿西洛马会议;重组DNA技术;生物危害;社会规制;预警性思考
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 李建军,唐冠男
DOI: 10.19524/j.cnki.10-1009/g3.2013.02.009
参考文献(References):
- [1]Priska Gisler,Monika Kurath.Paradise Lost?"Science"and"the Public"after Asilomar.Science,Technology&Human Values,2011,36(2):213—243.
- [2][美]丽莎·杨特.现代遗传学-设计生命.邹晨霞译.上海:上海科学技术出版社,2008:19—22.
- [3]Susan Wright.Molecular politics:developing American and British regulatory policy for genetic engineering,1972—1982.Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1994:129.
- [4]Maxine Singer and Dieter S?ll.Guidelines for DNA hybrid molecules.Science,1973,181(4105):1114.
- [5]Paul Berg et al.Potential Biohazard of Recombinant DNA Molecules.Science,1974,185(4148):303.
- [6]Paul Berg and Maxine F.Singer.The recombinant DNA controversy:Twenty years later.PNAS,1995,92(9):9011—9013.
- [7]Seldom Krimsky.Genetic Alchemy:A Social History of the Recombinant DNA Controversy.Cambridge:MIT Press,1982:129-130.
- [8]Susan Wright.Legitimating Genetic Engineering:Perspectives in Biology and Medi-cine.Spring,2001,44(2):235—247.
- [9]朱静生.重组DNA研究:一场关于潜在的“生物危害”之争.自然辩证法通讯,1990,2:32—40.
- [10]J.Watson.A imaginary monster.Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists,1977,33(5):12—13.
- [11]M.Rogers.The Pandor’s Box Congress.Rolling Stone,1975,189:37—40,42,74,77—78,82.
- [12]Paul Berg.Meetings that changed the world-Asilomar1975:DNA modification se-cured.Nature,2008,455:290—291.
- [13]Paul Berg et al.Summary Statement of the Asilomar Conference on Recombinant DNA Molecules.PNAS,1975,72(6):1981—1984.
- [14]Gregory Petsko.An Asilomar moment.Genome Biology,2002,3(10):1014.1—1041.3.
- [15]Sheldon Krimsky.From Asilomar to Industrial Biotechnology:Risks,Reduction-ism and Regulation.Science as Culture,2005,14(12):309—323.
- [16]李建军.科学主义与高技术时代的社会危机治理.自然辩证法研究,2012,5:93—97.