徐健吾

• 1:北京大学社会学系

摘要(Abstract)：

溯因是有别于归纳和演绎的第三种推理逻辑，创始人皮尔斯基于此提出了“科学研究的三阶段循环”。其后续发展除了最佳解释推理（IBE）以外并没有得到足够的重视。溯因逻辑弥补了归纳法和假设演绎法各自的不足，因而被认为“好的科学在方法上应当是溯因的”。溯因方法论在行为科学研究中有巨大的应用潜力和指导价值，在定量研究中，方法学家海格提出的科学方法的溯因理论克服了以往研究惯习中只重视“辩护语境”而忽视“发现语境”的偏颇，强调了以问题为导向的研究思路；在定性研究中，溯因分析对扎根理论的革新也有助于完成其理论构建的使命。

关键词(KeyWords)： 溯因推理;皮尔斯;方法论

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 2016年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“阻断贫困再生产：儿童贫困后效、实验干预与政策反思”（16JJD840001）

作者(Author): 徐健吾

DOI: 10.19524/j.cnki.10-1009/g3.2019.04.039

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